TBA by Hung Le
- Series
- Graph Theory Seminar
- Time
- Tuesday, December 8, 2026 - 15:45 for 1 hour (actually 50 minutes)
- Location
- Skiles 005
- Speaker
- Hung Le – University of Massachusetts Amherst
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In July 2026, OpenAI announced a fully automated proof of the Cycle Double Cover Conjecture, solving a 50-year old problem of fundamental importance in graph theory. There are now several different non-AI expositions of this short proof. We present the proof in this seminar talk. If there is time, we may also have a short group discussion, moderated by Rose McCarty, about how AI is changing the way we approach mathematics.
An $r$-sunflower is a collection of $r$ sets such that the intersection of any two sets in the collection is identical. We analyze a random process which constructs a $w$-uniform $r$-sunflower free family starting with an empty family, and at each step, adding a set chosen uniformly at random from all choices that could be added without creating an $r$-sunflower with the previously chosen sets. To analyze this process, we extend results of Bennett and Bohman (arXiv:1308.3732v5 [math.CO]) who analyzed a general random process which adds one object at a time chosen uniformly at random from all objects that can be added without creating certain forbidden subsets. This talk is based on joint work with Professor Patrick Bennett.
Quantum computing is concerned with harnessing the peculiar properties of quantum mechanics, in order to perform information-processing tasks beyond the capabilities of classical computers. Graph states are a family of quantum states, the resources for quantum computers. Graph states exhibit complex forms of quantum entanglement, implying for example that a quantum computer based on graph states is as powerful as any other quantum computer. But, unlike general quantum states, graph states are very easy to describe thanks to their one-to-one correspondence with mathematical graphs. This correspondence implies that many tools from graph theory can be applied to problems in quantum computing.
This talk aims to provide a gentle introduction to graph states, directed toward graph theorists. I will discuss two main applications of graph states, quantum networks and measurement-based quantum computing, and relate these applications to well-known graph-theoretical concepts, in particular vertex-minors. Finally, I will discuss the problem of classifying graph states, and the recent progress achieved through the development of new graph-theoretical tools.
Given an integer $k\ge1$, an edge-$k$-coloring of a graph $G$ is an assignment of $k$ colors $1,\ldots,k$ to the edges of $G$ such that no two adjacent edges receive the same color. A vertex-distinguishing (resp. sum-distinguishing) edge-$k$-coloring of $G$ is an edge-$k$-coloring such that for any two distinct vertices $u$ and $v$, the set (resp. sum) of colors taken from all the edges incident with $u$ is different from that taken from all the edges incident with $v$. The vertex-distinguishing chromatic index (resp. sum-distinguishing chromatic index), denoted $\chi'_{vd}(G)$ (resp. $\chi'_{sd}(G)$), is the smallest value $k$ such that $G$ has a vertex-distinguishing edge-$k$-coloring (resp. sum-distinguishing edge-$k$-coloring). Let $G$ be a $d$-regular graph on $n$ vertices, where $n$ is even and sufficiently large. We show that $\chi'_{vd}(G) =d+2$ if $d$ is arbitrarily close to $n/2$ from above, and $\chi'_{sd}(G) =d+2$ if $d\ge \frac{2n}{3}$.
This is joint work with Yuping Gao and Guanghui Wang.
Treewidth is a graph parameter commonly used to quantify how "close" a graph is to a tree. Although it is a cornerstone of structural graph theory and algorithm design, it is nearly useless for algorithmic purposes in many dense graph classes. In this talk, we discuss the tree-independence number, a more versatile graph parameter that replaces the standard width measure with the stability number. We will present recent results aimed at characterizing the graph classes in which this parameter enables sub-exponential time algorithms for problems that are, in general, NP-hard.